Electrolyzer modeling and real-time control for optimized production of hydrogen gas

We present a method that operates an electrolyzer to meet the demand of hydrogen refueling station in cost-effective manner by solving model-based optimal control problem. To formulate underlying problem, we first conduct experimental characterization Siemens SILYZER 100 polymer electrolyte membrane with \SI{100}{\kilo \watt} rated power. run experiments determine electrolyzer's conversion efficiency and thermal dynamics as well overload-limiting algorithm used electrolyzer. The resulting detailed nonlinear models are design real-time controller, which is then implemented on actual system. Each minute, controller solves deterministic, receding-horizon problem seeks minimize cost satisfying given demand, while using storage tank take advantage time-varying electricity prices photovoltaic inflow. illustrate simulation significant reduction achieved our compared others literature, validate demonstrating it operation